Crisis atlas / MYS
Malaysia
15 distinct crisis events in 5 episodes, 1902–2002, from the union of five primary chronologies.
Debt profile: government debt trajectory and crisis-start levels →
Crisis timeline
Every distinct (year, type) event, most recent first, with the chronologies flagging it. Start-year sources (GMD, JST) do not mark continuation years, so long episodes show lower agreement after their first year.
- 2002Bankingrr1 source
- 2001Bankingrr1 source
- 2000Bankingrr1 source
- 1999Bankinglaeven_valencia, rr2 sources
- 1998Currencygmd, laeven_valencia2 sourcesBankinglaeven_valencia, rr2 sources
- 1997Currencyrr1 sourceBankinggmd, laeven_valencia, rr3 sources
- 1988Bankingrr1 source
- 1987Bankingrr1 source
- 1986Bankingrr1 source
- 1985Bankinggmd, rr2 sources
- 1948Currencygmd, rr2 sources
- 1920Currencygmd, rr2 sources
- 1902Currencygmd, rr2 sources
Source: Global Macro Database 2026_06 (Müller, Xu, Lehbib & Chen 2025) | Jordà-Schularick-Taylor Macrohistory R6 | Laeven & Valencia (2020, 2026) | Reinhart-Rogoff via HBS BFFS | ECB/ESRB Financial Crises Database Methodology
Macro context around each episode
Inflation, central-bank policy rate, and government debt in a window of five years either side of each crisis episode (consecutive crisis years bridged across gaps of up to two years). Crisis years shaded.
1902
CurrencyNo macro panel coverage for this window.
1920
CurrencyNo macro panel coverage for this window.
1948
Currency1985–1988
Banking1997–2002
BankingCurrency1997–1999: fiscal cost 16.4% of GDP, output loss 31.4% of GDP(Laeven-Valencia 2026)Source: Global Macro Database 2026_06 (Müller, Xu, Lehbib & Chen 2025) Inflation is % year over year; policy rate is the central-bank rate in %; government debt is % of GDP. Methodology