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FinObservatory

Data, research and analysis

Finance. Money. Banking.

Primary-source data and models on banks, financial crises and financial conditions, where every figure is dated and sourced.

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Financial crisis history

Financial crises across the historical recordexplore the chronology

4,798 banking, currency and sovereign-debt crisis events across 165 economies, 1800–2025, by decade.
BankingCurrencySovereign debt
02505007501000180018201840186018801900192019401960198020002020
Hover, tap or focus a decade to see crisis counts.
The current decade is partial because the five source chronologies end in different years.
Source: GMD, JST, Laeven-Valencia, Reinhart-Rogoff and ECB/ESRB chronologies

Every figure is dated and sourced. Models are published with the rival that could beat them.