Cross-border banking exposure / Panama
What the world’s banks lend to Panama
The funding view: cross-border claims of BIS-reporting banks on Panama, from the locational statistics (LBS, by lender residence), with the consolidated claims by bank nationality (CBS) alongside. BIS-reporting banks held $87.15B of cross-border claims on Panama in Q4 2025, up from $10.09B when the series begins in Q4 1977.
Cross-border claims on Panama, Q4 1977–Q4 2025
LBS cross-border claims of all reporting banks on Panama, in USD billions, quarterly. The GFC and COVID quarters are shaded. This is the residence view, where a claim counts by where the lending bank sits, so a claim on Panama booked from any reporting jurisdiction is included.
Source: BIS Locational Banking Statistics (WS_LBS_D_PUB), BIS Data Portal (data.bis.org). Selection: cross-border claims (measure C), all reporting countries (5A) vs Panama as counterparty, all instruments, all currencies, all counterparty sectors, quarterly, amounts outstanding. License: free with “Source: BIS” attribution. Values shown in USD billions; raw BIS unit is USD millions. Methodology
Consolidated claims by bank nationality
CBS international claims on Panama in Q4 2025, broken out by the nationality of the lending banks (where the parent is headquartered, worldwide-consolidated, immediate-counterparty basis). The top 5 reporting banking systems shown account for $58.49B of the $74.10B consolidated total. This is a different measure from the residence-based claims above and is not additive with them.
| Bank nationality | International claims | Share of the largest |
|---|---|---|
| JPN Japan | $34.07B | |
| USA United States | $9.73B | |
| ESP Spain | $5.30B | |
| FRA France | $5.20B | |
| CHE Switzerland | $4.19B |
Source: BIS Consolidated Banking Statistics (WS_CBS_PUB), BIS Data Portal (data.bis.org). Selection: international claims (measure I, domestic banks 4B, immediate-counterparty basis F), individual reporting banking system by nationality vs Panama as counterparty, latest quarter, amounts outstanding. License: free with “Source: BIS” attribution. CBS carries claims only; it has no liabilities measure by design. Methodology
Back to the cross-border overview, or Panama’s full financial profile on its country page. See the methodology for LBS versus CBS and the exact selections.