Bank health · Europe
EU banks: the EBA transparency data, as published
The European Banking Authority publishes bank-by-bank capital, leverage and asset-quality figures for the largest EU and EEA banks so that markets can exercise discipline directly. This page reproduces those published figures for the latest reference date, Jun 30, 2025 (the most recent of the exercise’s four quarters: Sep 30, 2024, Dec 31, 2024, Mar 31, 2025, Jun 30, 2025). Every value is either reported by the EBA exactly as shown, or a mechanical ratio of two EBA-reported components (the NPL ratio, and the RWA-weighted CET1 aggregate). Unlike the US bank page, there is deliberately no FinObservatory score for EU banks in this version: the call-report-style time series that the US composite is built from are not yet ingested for these banks, so only the published disclosures appear here.
Source: EBA 2025 EU-wide Transparency Exercise (published 2025-12-04) Amounts in euro; ratios as published. Capital and leverage at Jun 30, 2025 are on the transitional basis (the EBA reports no fully-loaded ratio for this quarter; the transitional arrangements had largely expired by 2025). Weighted CET1 is the RWA-weighted average of the 119 banks' transitional CET1 ratios; aggregate NPL is total nonperforming loans over total gross loans for the 107 banks that report a loan book. Methodology
By country
Aggregated across the banks headquartered in each country, largest banking system first. CET1 is RWA-weighted; NPL is total nonperforming loans over total gross loans.
| Country | Banks | Total assets | CET1 (weighted) | NPL |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| France FR | 11 | €9.44T | 16.00% | 2.45% |
| Germany DE | 23 | €4.27T | 17.30% | 1.85% |
| Spain ES | 10 | €3.87T | 13.18% | 2.88% |
| Italy IT | 12 | €2.60T | 16.18% | 2.45% |
| Netherlands NL | 7 | €2.39T | 16.37% | 1.54% |
| Sweden SE | 6 | €1.04T | 18.55% | 0.39% |
| Denmark DK | 3 | €793.7B | 17.87% | 1.30% |
| Finland FI | 3 | €746.8B | 17.53% | 1.36% |
| Belgium BE | 5 | €642.8B | 17.80% | 1.54% |
| Ireland IE | 5 | €481.3B | 18.49% | 2.01% |
| Austria AT | 5 | €392.1B | 17.67% | 3.21% |
| Norway NO | 3 | €370.8B | 18.42% | 0.99% |
| Greece GR | 4 | €332.8B | 16.09% | 3.18% |
| Portugal PT | 3 | €256.3B | 18.07% | 2.47% |
| Poland PL | 2 | €208.5B | 16.54% | 4.07% |
| Hungary HU | 2 | €143.0B | 18.04% | 3.35% |
| Liechtenstein LI | 2 | €92.1B | 18.48% | 0.47% |
| Romania RO | 2 | €60.6B | 19.85% | 4.40% |
| Slovenia SI | 2 | €39.4B | 15.51% | 2.10% |
| Lithuania LT | 2 | €32.5B | 25.91% | 1.34% |
| Luxembourg LU | 2 | €30.1B | 22.77% | 4.46% |
| Cyprus CY | 1 | €26.1B | 20.63% | 1.51% |
| Malta MT | 2 | €21.0B | 21.27% | 2.06% |
| Estonia EE | 1 | €9.4B | 18.43% | 1.92% |
| Latvia LV | 1 | €5.0B | 20.28% | 2.08% |
Source: EBA 2025 EU-wide Transparency Exercise (published 2025-12-04) 12 of the 119 banks (broker-dealer subsidiaries and specialised institutions without a conventional loan book) file capital and leverage only, so they carry no total-assets or NPL figure and are excluded from those two columns. Methodology
Every bank
All 119 banks in the exercise at Jun 30, 2025, largest first. Search by bank or country; sort by CET1, NPL, or assets. CET1 and leverage are on the transitional basis; some small holding entities show very high ratios against a tiny risk-weighted-asset base, reproduced as the EBA reports them.
| Bank | Country | Leverage | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BNP Paribas | FR | 12.46% | 4.41% | 2.79% | €2.57T |
| Groupe Crédit Agricole | FR | 17.58% | 5.59% | 1.96% | €2.19T |
| Banco Santander, S.A. | ES | 12.98% | 4.91% | 3.35% | €1.80T |
| Groupe BPCE | FR | 16.31% | 5.06% | 2.63% | €1.49T |
| DEUTSCHE BANK AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT | DE | 14.24% | 4.72% | 2.04% | €1.40T |
| Société générale S.A. | FR | 13.54% | 4.37% | 2.77% | €1.38T |
| ING Groep N.V. | NL | 13.26% | 4.28% | 1.49% | €1.09T |
| Confédération Nationale du Crédit Mutuel | FR | 19.76% | 7.59% | 2.68% | €988.2B |
| UNICREDIT, SOCIETA' PER AZIONI | IT | 16.02% | 5.69% | 2.37% | €816.8B |
| Intesa Sanpaolo S.p.A. | IT | 12.97% | 5.79% | 2.20% | €770.5B |
| Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria, S.A. | ES | 13.34% | 6.93% | 3.00% | €747.0B |
| Coöperatieve Rabobank U.A.2 | NL | 19.88% | 7.55% | 1.81% | €635.9B |
| COMMERZBANK Aktiengesellschaft | DE | 14.56% | 4.33% | 1.39% | €599.1B |
| CaixaBank, S.A. | ES | 12.25% | 5.51% | 2.33% | €579.9B |
| DZ BANK AG Deutsche Zentral-Genossenschaftsbank, Frankfurt am Main | DE | 17.88% | 6.77% | 1.38% | €550.6B |
| Nordea Bank Abp | FI | 15.11% | 4.80% | 1.07% | €546.9B |
| Danske Bank A/S | DK | 18.67% | 4.74% | 1.42% | €429.2B |
| ABN AMRO Bank N.V. | NL | 14.54% | 5.47% | 1.79% | €414.3B |
| Landesbank Baden-Württemberg | DE | 16.65% | 4.30% | 1.28% | €366.5B |
| KBC Groupe | BE | 14.59% | 5.53% | 1.54% | €356.5B |
| Skandinaviska Enskilda Banken - gruppen | SE | 17.66% | 4.93% | 0.43% | €325.8B |
| La Banque Postale | FR | 18.23% | 7.09% | 1.34% | €317.5B |
| Svenska Handelsbanken - gruppen | SE | 18.36% | 4.53% | 0.31% | €302.6B |
| DNB BANK ASA | NO | 18.33% | 6.21% | 1.08% | €292.6B |
| Bayerische Landesbank | DE | 20.46% | 4.81% | 1.51% | €282.4B |
| Nykredit Realkredit A/S | DK | 17.36% | 4.71% | 1.15% | €261.8B |
| HSBC Continental Europe | FR | 15.47% | 4.78% | 1.55% | €257.2B |
| Banco de Sabadell, S.A. | ES | 13.06% | 5.19% | 2.47% | €252.4B |
| Swedbank - Grupp | SE | 19.70% | 6.68% | 0.68% | €243.4B |
| Volkswagen Financial Services AG | DE | 16.72% | 14.34% | 2.43% | €203.7B |
| Raiffeisen Bank International AG | AT | 18.18% | 8.28% | 2.86% | €203.0B |
| Landesbank Hessen-Thüringen Girozentrale | DE | 16.31% | 5.26% | 3.13% | €200.0B |
| Citibank Europe plc | IE | 18.42% | 7.05% | 0.17% | €199.6B |
| BANCO BPM SOCIETA' PER AZIONI | IT | 14.15% | 4.88% | 2.73% | €194.2B |
| Belfius Bank | BE | 16.13% | 6.33% | 2.09% | €170.1B |
| ICCREA BANCA S.P.A. | IT | 25.31% | 9.38% | 2.91% | €165.7B |
| OP Osuuskunta | FI | 20.77% | 10.55% | 2.56% | €144.8B |
| BPER Banca S.p.A. | IT | 16.22% | 6.76% | 2.50% | €144.5B |
| AIB Group plc | IE | 16.74% | 7.14% | 2.55% | €144.5B |
| Bank of Ireland Group plc | IE | 15.28% | 6.72% | 2.58% | €137.3B |
| BNG Bank N.V. | NL | 40.05% | 9.68% | 0.31% | €132.2B |
| Bankinter, S.A. | ES | 12.57% | 5.10% | 2.39% | €131.8B |
| Powszechna Kasa Oszczednosci Bank Polski S.A. | PL | 16.79% | 7.58% | 3.69% | €128.4B |
| Banca Monte dei Paschi di Siena S.p.A. | IT | 19.62% | 6.92% | 3.65% | €125.6B |
| Norddeutsche Landesbank - Girozentrale - | DE | 18.02% | 5.85% | 2.16% | €120.8B |
| OTP-csoport | HU | 17.98% | 10.32% | 3.36% | €111.3B |
| Morgan Stanley Europe Holding SE | DE | 18.00% | 6.93% | 0.02% | €110.5B |
| Caixa Geral de Depósitos, S.A. | PT | 20.90% | 9.00% | 1.86% | €106.2B |
| Banco Comercial Português, SA | PT | 16.38% | 6.39% | 2.73% | €105.5B |
| Mediobanca - Banca di Credito Finanziario S.p.A. | IT | 15.05% | 6.81% | 1.77% | €103.8B |
| Bpifrance | FR | 25.03% | 19.88% | 6.71% | €103.2B |
| Jyske Bank A/S | DK | 16.26% | 5.39% | 1.33% | €102.8B |
| Eurobank Ergasias Services and Holdings S.A. | GR | 15.34% | 7.87% | 3.00% | €101.5B |
| DekaBank Deutsche Girozentrale | DE | 21.07% | 7.52% | 2.23% | €96.1B |
| Unicaja Banco, S.A. | ES | 15.98% | 5.47% | 2.24% | €95.2B |
| CASSA CENTRALE BANCA | IT | 27.30% | 9.62% | 3.40% | €90.7B |
| Abanca Corporacion Bancaria, S.A. | ES | 13.22% | 6.84% | 2.17% | €82.0B |
| Piraeus Financial Holdings | GR | 14.19% | 7.30% | 2.92% | €81.2B |
| Bank Polska Kasa Opieki S.A. | PL | 16.14% | 7.19% | 4.65% | €80.1B |
| National Bank of Greece, S.A. | GR | 18.93% | 8.99% | 3.37% | €77.8B |
Source: EBA 2025 EU-wide Transparency Exercise (published 2025-12-04) Every figure is reproduced exactly as the EBA published it; no FinObservatory score is applied to EU banks. Methodology
Official supervisory aggregates
The bank-by-bank table above is a point-in-time snapshot of a fixed sample. This section adds the ECB’s own quarterly euro-area aggregate, compiled from statutory prudential reporting (COREP/FINREP) for the significant institutions the Single Supervisory Mechanism directly supervises (changing composition). It is published by ECB Banking Supervision, reproduced here exactly as released, no FinObservatory transformation. Because the universe (all SSM significant institutions) and the reference dates differ from the EBA transparency sample, the headline ratios do not line up one-to-one with the table above; they are the supervisor’s system-wide read, not the same banks aggregated. 2026 Q1, the latest quarter: 15.99% CET1, 1.88% non-performing loans.
Euro-area trend, 2015 Q2–2026 Q1
Quarterly, each panel its own scale. Hover to read any quarter. A quarter the ECB does not disclose a metric for is a gap, not a zero.
Source: ECB Data Portal, dataset SUP (Supervisory Banking Statistics), retrieved 2026-07-11 Source: ECB. Euro-area SSM aggregate (significant institutions, changing composition); series SUP.Q.B01.W0._Z.<item>._T.SII._Z._Z._Z.PCT.C. All four figures are ECB-published percentages, reproduced as released. Methodology
Bank lending survey
The balance sheets above say what euro-area banks hold; the ECB’s quarterly Bank Lending Survey (the euro-area analog of the Fed’s SLOOS) says what they are doing with credit supply and what borrowers are asking for. Since the 2003 Q1 round (94 rounds), banks report whether they tightened or eased credit standards and whether loan demand rose or fell, for loans to enterprises, housing loans, and consumer credit. Values are the ECB’s weighted euro-area net percentages (positive = net tightening of standards, or net increase in demand), reproduced as released. Each round is labelled by the quarter the survey was conducted in; the backward-looking answers shown here describe the prior quarter (the 2026 Q2 round reports changes over 2026 Q1).
Credit standards, net tightening, 2003 Q1–2026 Q2
The record net tightening on loans to enterprises is +65.1 in the 2008 Q4 round (the post-Lehman survey, describing 2008 Q3); housing and consumer credit peaked one round later. The 2011-2012 sovereign-debt episode and the 2022-2023 hiking cycle appear as the two later tightening waves.
Source: ECB euro area Bank Lending Survey, ECB Data Portal, dataset BLS, retrieved 2026-07-10 Realized (backward-looking) answers per survey round, euro-area aggregate weighted by national loan shares (WFNET); series BLS.Q.U2.ALL.*.B3.ST.S.WFNET. Positive = net tightening. Methodology
Enterprises: demand vs standards
Two distinct questions: standards read credit supply, demand reads what firms are asking for. In the 2026 Q2 round banks reported a net +10.1 tightening of standards and a net -1.9 change in demand for loans to enterprises over 2026 Q1. Net percentages of banks, not loan volumes.
Source: ECB euro area Bank Lending Survey, ECB Data Portal, dataset BLS, retrieved 2026-07-10 Realized answers for loans and credit lines to enterprises, euro-area WFNET aggregate. Positive standards = net tightening; positive demand = net increase. Methodology
See the methodology for the exercise lineage, the EBA dictionary definitions of each figure, the ECB supervisory-aggregate definitions, the bank lending survey conventions (net percentage, weighting, round vs reference quarter), and why no composite score is computed for EU banks in this version. For the transparent, US-only FinObservatory Composite, see the US bank explorer.