FinObservatory

Crisis atlas / IDN

Indonesia

40 distinct crisis events in 6 episodes, 1948–2013, from the union of five primary chronologies.

Debt profile: government debt trajectory and crisis-start levels →

9
Banking crises
23
Currency crises
8
Sovereign debt crises
40
Crisis events
1948–2013
Span

Crisis timeline

Every distinct (year, type) event, most recent first, with the chronologies flagging it. Start-year sources (GMD, JST) do not mark continuation years, so long episodes show lower agreement after their first year.

  1. 2013
    Currencyrr1 source
  2. 2008
    Currencyrr1 source
  3. 2002
    Sovereign debtlaeven_valencia, rr2 sources
    Bankingrr1 source
  4. 2001
    Bankinglaeven_valencia, rr2 sources
  5. 2000
    Sovereign debtrr1 source
    Currencyrr1 source
    Bankinglaeven_valencia, rr2 sources
  6. 1999
    Sovereign debtgmd, laeven_valencia, rr3 sources
    Bankinglaeven_valencia, rr2 sources
  7. 1998
    Currencygmd, laeven_valencia, rr3 sources
    Bankinggmd, laeven_valencia, rr3 sources
  8. 1997
    Currencyrr1 source
    Bankinglaeven_valencia, rr2 sources
  9. 1994
    Bankingrr1 source
  10. 1992
    Bankingrr1 source
  11. 1990
    Bankinggmd1 source
  12. 1986
    Currencyrr1 source
  13. 1983
    Currencyrr1 source
  14. 1979
    Currencygmd, laeven_valencia2 sources
  15. 1978
    Currencyrr1 source
  16. 1970
    Sovereign debtrr1 source
  17. 1969
    Sovereign debtrr1 source
  18. 1968
    Sovereign debtrr1 source
    Currencyrr1 source
  19. 1967
    Sovereign debtrr1 source
    Currencyrr1 source
  20. 1966
    Sovereign debtgmd, rr2 sources
    Currencygmd, rr2 sources
  21. 1964
    Currencyrr1 source
  22. 1963
    Currencyrr1 source
  23. 1962
    Currencygmd, rr2 sources
  24. 1959
    Currencyrr1 source
  25. 1958
    Currencyrr1 source
  26. 1957
    Currencygmd, rr2 sources
  27. 1954
    Currencyrr1 source
  28. 1953
    Currencyrr1 source
  29. 1952
    Currencygmd, rr2 sources
  30. 1949
    Currencyrr1 source
  31. 1948
    Currencygmd, rr2 sources

Source: Global Macro Database 2026_06 (Müller, Xu, Lehbib & Chen 2025) | Jordà-Schularick-Taylor Macrohistory R6 | Laeven & Valencia (2020) | Reinhart-Rogoff via HBS BFFS | ECB/ESRB Financial Crises Database Methodology

Macro context around each episode

Inflation, central-bank policy rate, and government debt in a window of five years either side of each crisis episode (consecutive crisis years bridged across gaps of up to two years). Crisis years shaded.

1948–1970

CurrencySovereign debt
Inflation (% y/y)
-50005001k1.5k194319481975
Policy rate (%)
No data for this window
Govt debt (% of GDP)
0204060194319481975

1978–1979

Currency
Inflation (% y/y)
0204060197319781984
Policy rate (%)
No data for this window
Govt debt (% of GDP)
0204060197319781984

1983–1986

Currency
Inflation (% y/y)
01020197819831991
Policy rate (%)
01020197819831991
Govt debt (% of GDP)
0204060197819831991

1990–2002

BankingCurrencySovereign debtFiscal cost 56.8% of GDP, output loss 69.0% of GDP (Laeven-Valencia 2026)
Inflation (% y/y)
0204060198519902007
Policy rate (%)
02040198519902007
Govt debt (% of GDP)
050100198519902007

2008

Currency
Inflation (% y/y)
051015200320082013
Policy rate (%)
051015200320082013
Govt debt (% of GDP)
0204060200320082013

2013

Currency
Inflation (% y/y)
051015200820132018
Policy rate (%)
0510200820132018
Govt debt (% of GDP)
02040200820132018

Source: Global Macro Database 2026_06 (Müller, Xu, Lehbib & Chen 2025) Inflation is % year over year; policy rate is the central-bank rate in %; government debt is % of GDP. Methodology