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FinObservatory

Crisis atlas / IDN

Indonesia

40 distinct crisis events in 6 episodes, 1948–2013, from the union of five primary chronologies.

Debt profile: government debt trajectory and crisis-start levels →

9
Banking crises
23
Currency crises
8
Sovereign debt crises
40
Crisis events
1948–2013
Span

Crisis timeline

Every distinct (year, type) event, most recent first, with the chronologies flagging it. Start-year sources (GMD, JST) do not mark continuation years, so long episodes show lower agreement after their first year.

  1. 2013
    Currencyrr1 source
  2. 2008
    Currencyrr1 source
  3. 2002
    Sovereign debtlaeven_valencia, rr2 sources
    Bankingrr1 source
  4. 2001
    Bankinglaeven_valencia, rr2 sources
  5. 2000
    Sovereign debtrr1 source
    Currencyrr1 source
    Bankinglaeven_valencia, rr2 sources
  6. 1999
    Sovereign debtgmd, laeven_valencia, rr3 sources
    Bankinglaeven_valencia, rr2 sources
  7. 1998
    Currencygmd, laeven_valencia, rr3 sources
    Bankinggmd, laeven_valencia, rr3 sources
  8. 1997
    Currencyrr1 source
    Bankinglaeven_valencia, rr2 sources
  9. 1994
    Bankingrr1 source
  10. 1992
    Bankingrr1 source
  11. 1990
    Bankinggmd1 source
  12. 1986
    Currencyrr1 source
  13. 1983
    Currencyrr1 source
  14. 1979
    Currencygmd, laeven_valencia2 sources
  15. 1978
    Currencyrr1 source
  16. 1970
    Sovereign debtrr1 source
  17. 1969
    Sovereign debtrr1 source
  18. 1968
    Sovereign debtrr1 source
    Currencyrr1 source
  19. 1967
    Sovereign debtrr1 source
    Currencyrr1 source
  20. 1966
    Sovereign debtgmd, rr2 sources
    Currencygmd, rr2 sources
  21. 1964
    Currencyrr1 source
  22. 1963
    Currencyrr1 source
  23. 1962
    Currencygmd, rr2 sources
  24. 1959
    Currencyrr1 source
  25. 1958
    Currencyrr1 source
  26. 1957
    Currencygmd, rr2 sources
  27. 1954
    Currencyrr1 source
  28. 1953
    Currencyrr1 source
  29. 1952
    Currencygmd, rr2 sources
  30. 1949
    Currencyrr1 source
  31. 1948
    Currencygmd, rr2 sources

Source: Global Macro Database 2026_06 (Müller, Xu, Lehbib & Chen 2025) | Jordà-Schularick-Taylor Macrohistory R6 | Laeven & Valencia (2020, 2026) | Reinhart-Rogoff via HBS BFFS | ECB/ESRB Financial Crises Database Methodology

Macro context around each episode

Inflation, central-bank policy rate, and government debt in a window of five years either side of each crisis episode (consecutive crisis years bridged across gaps of up to two years). Crisis years shaded.

1948–1970

CurrencySovereign debt
Inflation (% y/y)
Policy rate (%)
No data for this window
Govt debt (% of GDP)

1978–1979

Currency
Inflation (% y/y)
Policy rate (%)
No data for this window
Govt debt (% of GDP)

1983–1986

Currency
Inflation (% y/y)
Policy rate (%)
Govt debt (% of GDP)

1990–2002

BankingCurrencySovereign debt1997–2001: fiscal cost 56.8% of GDP, output loss 69.0% of GDP(Laeven-Valencia 2026)
Inflation (% y/y)
Policy rate (%)
Govt debt (% of GDP)

2008

Currency
Inflation (% y/y)
Policy rate (%)
Govt debt (% of GDP)

2013

Currency
Inflation (% y/y)
Policy rate (%)
Govt debt (% of GDP)

Source: Global Macro Database 2026_06 (Müller, Xu, Lehbib & Chen 2025) Inflation is % year over year; policy rate is the central-bank rate in %; government debt is % of GDP. Methodology